US under scrutiny in Europe

By Ann Jones

Los Angeles Times

OSLO, Norway

In my long nomadic life, I’ve been to both poles and most countries in between. I still remember when to be an American was to be envied. The country where I grew up after World War II seemed to be respected and admired around the world.

Today, as one of 1.6 million Americans living in Europe, I instead face hard questions about our nation. Wherever I travel, Europeans, Asians and Africans ask expatriates like me to explain everything odd or troubling about the conduct of the United States. Polite people, normally reluctant to risk offending a guest, ask pointedly about America’s trigger-happiness, cutthroat free-marketeering, and “exceptionality.”

Their questions share a single under-lying theme: Have Americans gone over the edge? Are you crazy?

At the absolute top of the list: “Why would anyone oppose national healthcare?” Many countries have had some form of national health care since the 1930s, Germany since 1880. Some versions, as in France and Britain, have devolved into two-tier public and private systems. Yet even the privileged would not begrudge their fellow citizens government-funded comprehensive health care. That so many Americans do strikes Europeans as baffling, if not brutal.

Free education

In the Scandinavian countries, long considered to be the most socially progressive in the world, a national (physical and mental) health program is a big part — but only a part — of a more general social-welfare system. In Norway, where I live, all citizens also have: access to free education from age 6 through specialty training or university; low cost, subsidized preschool; unemployment benefits, job-placement and paid retraining; paid parental leave; old-age pensions, and more. These benefits are not a “safety net” — that is, charitable payments grudgingly bestowed upon the needy. They are universal: equally available as a human right, promoting social harmony.

This is the Nordic Model: a balance of regulated capitalism, universal social welfare, political democracy, and the highest levels of gender and economic equality on the planet. It’s their system, begun in Sweden in the 1930s and developed across Scandinavia in the postwar period. Yes, they pay for it through high taxation. (Though compared with the U.S. tax code, Norway’s progressive income tax is remarkably streamlined.) And despite the efforts of an occasional conservative government to muck it up, they maintain it. Why?

They like it. International rankings cite Norway as the best place to grow old, to be a woman and to raise a child. The title of “best” or “happiest” place to live on Earth comes down to a neighborly contest among Norway and the neighboring Nordic social democracies: Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Iceland.

All the Nordic countries broadly agree that only when people’s basic needs are met — when they cease to worry about jobs, education, health care, transportation, etc. — can they truly be free to do as they like. While the U.S. settles for the fantasy that every kid has an equal shot at the American dream, Nordic social welfare systems lay the foundations for a more authentic equality and individualism.

These ideas are not novel. They are implied in the preamble to our own Constitution. You know, the part about “We the People” forming “a more perfect Union” to “promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity.”

Knowing this, a Norwegian is appalled at what America is doing to its posterity. That top chief executives are paid 300 to 400 times as much as an average employee. Or that Govs. Sam Brownback of Kansas and Chris Christie of New Jersey, having run up their state’s debts by cutting taxes for the rich, now plan to cover the loss with money snatched from public pension funds. That two-thirds of American college students finish in the red, some owing $100,000 or more. That in the U.S., still the world’s richest country, 1 in 3 children lives in poverty. Or that the multitrillion-dollar wars of Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama were fought on a credit card, to be paid by the kids.

Implications of America’s uncivilized inhumanity lurk in the questions foreign observers ask me: Why can’t you shut down that concentration camp in Cuba? Why can’t you stop interfering with women’s health care? What is it about science and climate change you can’t understand?

Stirring up trouble

And the most pressing question of all: Why do you send your military all over the world to stir up trouble for all of us?

Europeans often connect America’s reckless conduct abroad to its refusal to put its own house in order. They’ve watched the United States unravel its flimsy safety net, fail to replace decaying infrastructure, weaken organized labor, bring its national legislature to a standstill and create the greatest degree of economic inequality in almost a century. As they see it, with ever less personal security and next to no social welfare system, Americans are bound to be anxious and fearful.

It’s hard to pin down why America is as it is today, and — believe me — even harder to explain it to others. Some Europeans who interrogate me say that the U.S. is “crazy” — or “paranoid,” “self-absorbed,” or simply “behind the times.” Others, more charitably, imply that Americans are merely “misguided” or “asleep” and may still recover sanity. But wherever I travel, the questions follow, each suggesting that the United States, if not exactly crazy, is decidedly a danger to itself and others.

Ann Jones is the author of “They Were Soldiers: How the Wounded Return From America’s Wars — The Untold Story.” She wrote this version for the Los Angeles Times.