Giving thanks helps one’s outlook

Associated Press

WASHINGTON

Count your blessings this Thanksgiving. It’s good for you.

Though it seems pretty obvious that gratitude is a positive emotion, psychologists for decades rarely delved into the science of giving thanks. But in the last several years they have, learning in many experiments that it is one of humanity’s most powerful emotions. It makes you happier and can change your attitude about life, like an emotional reset button.

Especially in hard times, like these.

Beyond proving that being grateful helps you, psychologists also are trying to figure out the brain chemistry behind gratitude and the best ways of showing it.

“Oprah was right,” said University of Miami psychology professor Michael McCullough, who has studied people who are asked to be regularly thankful. “When you are stopping and counting your blessings, you are sort of hijacking your emotional system.”

And he means hijacking it from out of a funk into a good place. A very good place. Research by McCullough and others finds that giving thanks is a potent emotion that feeds on itself, almost the equivalent of being victorious. It could be called a vicious circle, but it’s anything but vicious.

He said psychologists used to underestimate the strength of simple gratitude: “It does make people happier. ... It’s that incredible feeling.”

One of the reasons gratitude works so well is that it connects us with others, McCullough said. That’s why when you give thanks, it should be more heartfelt and personal instead of a terse thank-you note for a gift or a hastily run-through grace before dinner, psychologists say.

Chicago-area psychologist and self-help book author Maryann Troiani said she starts getting clients on gratitude gradually, sometimes just by limiting their complaints to two whines a session. Then she eventually gets them to log good things that happened to them in gratitude journals: “Gratitude really changes your attitude and your outlook on life.”

Gratitude journals or diaries, in which people list weekly or nightly what they are thankful for, are becoming regular therapy tools.

And in those journals, it is important to focus more on the people you are grateful for, said Robert Emmons, a psychology professor at the University of California, Davis. Concentrate on what life would be without the good things — especially people such as spouses — in your life and how you are grateful they are there, he said.

Grateful people “feel more alert, alive, interested, enthusiastic. They also feel more connected to others,” said Emmons, who has written two books on the science of gratitude and often studies the effects of those gratitude diaries.

“Gratitude also serves as a stress buffer,” Emmons said in an email interview. “Grateful people are less likely to experience envy, anger, resentment, regret and other unpleasant states that produce stress.”

Scientists are looking not just at the emotions behind gratitude but the nuts-and-bolts physiology as well.

Preliminary theories look at the brain chemistry and hormones in the blood and neurotransmitters in the brain that are connected to feelings of gratitude, Emmons said. And the left prefrontal cortex of the brain, which is also associated with positive emotions such as love and compassion, seems to be a key spot, especially in Buddhist monks, Emmons said.

There have been many Thanksgivings throughout history that might challenge society’s ability to be grateful. The first Thanksgiving with the Pilgrims came after about half of the Plymouth colony died in the first year. Thanksgiving became a national holiday in the United States when Abraham Lincoln proclaimed it in 1863 during the Civil War, the deadliest war the country has ever known. And the holiday moved to the fourth Thursday in November during the tail end of the Great Depression.

Emmons actually encourages people to “think of your worst moments, your sorrows, your losses, your sadness and then remember that here you are, able to remember them.

That grace-amid- difficulty motif may make this Thanksgiving especially meaningful, McCullough said.

“In order to be grateful for something, we have to remember that something good happened,” Peterson said. “It’s important to remind ourselves that the world doesn’t always suck.”