Child marriage plagues Saudi Arabia

Opinion: March 17, 2010 at 12:00a.m.

Saudi Arabia has a serious child-marriage problem.

It’s emblematic of the nation’s struggle between modernity and traditional Islam. But the lives of thousands of little girls are being destroyed as the Saudi government ponderously debates a solution.

Child marriage has been acceptable, even encouraged, in many Islamic states since the religion was born. After all, among the Prophet Muhammad’s dozen wives was Aisha, who is believed to have been 6 or 7 years old when the two were married. But in Saudi Arabia, at least, the practice slammed headlong into modern values last spring, when a Saudi court refused to nullify the marriage of an 8-year-old girl from Unaiza to a man in his late 50s.

Over the last few years longstanding social practices in Saudi Arabia have been thrown up into the glare of world opinion, embarrassing the state and forcing at least cosmetic changes.

In 2006, for example, a judge sentenced a young woman to 200 lashes and several months in prison for being alone in a car with a man she was not related to, when they were attacked and she was raped.

Global reaction

Opprobrium from around the world rained down on Riyadh. President George W. Bush asked: “What happens if this happens to my daughter? I’d be angry at a state that does not support the victim.” King Abdullah commuted the sentence.

In 2008, one of the nation’s most senior religious authorities directed that two reporters for a mainstream Saudi newspaper be executed for publishing stories suggesting that religions other than Islam are worthy of respect. Once again, the cleric’s remark spawned international outrage, and the cleric’s order was ignored. Then came last spring’s court ruling on that 8-year-old wife.

For centuries, clerics on the Arabian peninsula have been issuing execution orders for religious “crimes”; women have been marginalized and punished to protect male malefactors; parents have sold little girls, too young to ride a bike, to elderly men.

Hardly ever did anyone outside the region ever notice. But that was before the Internet, before blogs and Twitter, Youtube and Facebook — before most anything that happens anywhere in the world is broadcast instantly to most anyone who cares.

The hook that caught people’s attention in last year’s case was the judge’s refusal to grant the 8-year-old a divorce, indicating that the state endorsed child marriage. The judge was willing to order the man not to have sex with the girl until she reached puberty, four or five years later. (If he violated that, who would know?) Once again, Saudi Arabia faced rebukes from around the world, prompting the justice minister, Mohamed al-Issa, to suggest it was time for child marriage to end.

His ministry, he told a Saudi newspaper, intended to stipulate 18 as the minimum age for marriage, “to put an end to arbitrariness by parents and guardians in marrying off minor girls.” His intent, he added, was to “preserve the rights, to end the negative aspects of underage girls’ marriage.” Like unfavorable news coverage?

No action

Well, that was almost a year ago. Still no law has emanated from the government, almost certainly because senior clerics control large areas of domestic policy, and most of them including the chief cleric, Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdelaziz Al al-Sheikh, oppose this change in tradition.

Joel Brinkley is a former Pulitzer Prize-winning foreign correspondent for The New York Times and now a professor of journalism at Stanford University. McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.