Polish air crash highlights pilots’ duties

April 13, 2010 at 12:16a.m.

Associated Press

NEW YORK

Even up against tough weather and tight schedules, pilots are supposed to have the last word on when, where and how to land their aircraft. But aviation veterans, trying to make sense of the fog-shrouded crash that killed Poland’s president, say pressures on pilots to keep VIP passengers on schedule can sometimes override safety considerations.

“There are certain CEOs and bosses — you are going to get them to where they want to go, and there aren’t any ifs, ands or buts,” said David Weitz, a pilot who has flown many corporate and union leaders.

“It plays on the pilot’s mind,” said Weitz, of Leesburg, Va. “He may go to some heroics that maybe he wouldn’t normally do, if there’s some pressure from the back of the plane.”

No official conclusions have been drawn about the weekend crash in Russia that killed Polish President Lech Kaczynski and 95 others, including dozens of Polish political, military and religious leaders.

However, the pilot of the government plane had been warned of dense fog at the destination airport in Smolensk and was advised by traffic controllers to land elsewhere, even though that would have delayed observances of a World War II massacre.

The circumstances sparked speculation in Poland that the pilot had been pressured by his superiors to land at Smolensk rather than diverting.

Under standard aviation procedures, a landing has to be cleared by an air-traffic controller. If a pilot wants to land despite controllers’ advice, he can declare an emergency and land at his own risk.

“In this country, it’s totally the pilot’s responsibility,” said FAA spokesman Les Dorr. “The only thing the controllers do is relay the weather conditions and the conditions of the runway and so forth. It’s the responsibility of the captain of the aircraft to decide whether it’s safe to land.”

But airlines and aircraft owners sometimes pressure pilots to fly or to land against their better judgment, said safety consultant Jack Casey, a former airline pilot.

Usually, that kind of pressure — known in the industry as “pilot pushing” — is subtle, rather than overt, Casey said. Pilots may feel their job is at risk if they rebuff an employer, he said.

In general, though, it would be unusual for an airline or an aircraft owner in most Western countries to attempt to override a pilot’s judgment, Casey said.

“It’s a pilot’s job to separate themselves from other things in the environment such as a desire get home or a desire to get someplace on time,” said Bill Voss, president of the Flight Safety Foundation in Alexandria, Va.