The neurological disorder is usually accompanied by seizures, which produce sudden, short changes in the way brain cells function, and affect about 1 percent of the U.S. population. In most cases, no

The neurological disorder is usually accompanied by seizures, which produce sudden, short changes in the way brain cells function, and affect about 1 percent of the U.S. population. In most cases, no cause can be found; there is no cure, though several treatments are available. Some general information about epilepsy:
Around 180,000 new cases are diagnosed annually, with about one-third in children. No studies point to a genetic link. Can begin at any time, but most cases often start under age 17 and over age 65.
Known causes such as head injuries, brain tumors, strokes and infections account for roughly 35 percent of cases; no cause can be attributed to the remaining 65 percent.
Divided into generalized epilepsy, which begins on both sides of the brain, and partial, which is more localized.
Protection for the brain includes vaccines against certain infections, wearing protective head gear and, in vehicles, using seat belts and child safety seats.
Treatment includes anti-epileptic drugs and other medications, nerve stimulation, brain surgery and a ketogenic diet, which is high in fats, low in carbohydrates and has restricted calories to create a chemical change in the body that helps prevent or reduce seizures for most children. Usually tried after medications have failed.
Nerve stimulation delivers short bursts of electrical energy to the brain from a battery that is surgically implanted under the skin.
Sources: Epilepsy Foundation, Mahoning Valley Epilepsy Fund Inc.