Today is Thursday, Sept. 15, the 258th day of 2005. There are 107 days left in the year. On this

Today is Thursday, Sept. 15, the 258th day of 2005. There are 107 days left in the year. On this date in 1789, the U.S. Department of Foreign Affairs is renamed the Department of State.
In 1776, British forces occupy New York City during the American Revolution. In 1821, independence is proclaimed for Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador. In 1857, William Howard Taft -- who served as president of the United States and as U.S. chief justice -- is born in Cincinnati. In 1917, Russia is proclaimed a republic by Alexander Kerensky, the head of a provisional government. In 1935, the Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of their citizenship and make the swastika the official symbol of Nazi Germany. In 1940, during the Battle of Britain in World War II, the tide turns as the Luftwaffe sustains heavy losses inflicted by the Royal Air Force. In 1950, during the Korean conflict, United Nations forces land at Inchon in the south and begin their drive toward Seoul. In 1959, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev arrives in the U.S. to begin a 13-day visit. In 1963, four black girls are killed when a bomb goes off during Sunday services at the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Ala. (Three Ku Klux Klansmen are eventually convicted for their roles in the blast.) In 1965, the TV shows "Lost in Space" and "Green Acres" premiere on CBS.
September 15, 1980: Members of the Hubbard Education Association resume their strike in defiance of a court order to return to their classrooms. The strike is in its ninth day.
Although all 14 school districts in Mahoning County lost students between the 1978-79 and 1979-80 school years, payroll costs increased in all except Boardman Local Schools and eight of the districts added people, Auditor of State Thomas E. Ferguson reports.
An increasing number of Trumbull County women entering the job market is causing a strain on area community groups, which depend heavily on volunteer female help to carry out their service programs.
September 15, 1965: Mahoning County commissioners say they are not interested in helping develop a proposed tri-county airport at the Lordstown Ordnance Depot site.
The Atomic Energy Commission announces that the Ravenna Arsenal is one of 85 sites in 43 states that will be intensely studied as the possible location for a $300 million atom smasher.
Giant Hurricane Betsy, which smashed into New Orleans, will be the most costly storm in history, with insurable losses of almost $250 million, nearly twice the record set by Hurricane Carol in 1954.
Louis Rossi Jr., treasurer of Rossi Brothers Funeral Home, is elected president of the North Side Kiwanis Club.
September 15, 1955: Four elderly Sharon women, friends of long-standing, die when the car they are riding in is struck by a truck on Route 7 just south of Vernon Corners in Trumbull County. Dead are Miss Grace Royal, 67; Mrs. Nellie Bischoff, 73; Mrs. C.L. Dicks, 74, and Mrs. J.A. Shoemaker, 83. The truck driver told an Ohio Highway Patrolman he fell asleep at the wheel.
Dr. Howard W. Jones, president of Youngstown University, and Paul C. Bunn, superintendent of Youngstown public schools, endorse a suggestion by President Eisenhower that high school and college courses be expanded to five years each to meet the complexities of modern life.
A bandit holds up an employee of the Party Pantry at 720 Canfield Road and escapes with $150 in cash.
September 15, 1930: Eugene G. Grace, president of Bethlehem Steel Corp., returns to Youngstown from the East in his private car, accompanied by James A. Campbell, president of Youngstown Sheet & amp; Tube Corp., for the final days of testimony in the hearing challenging the merger of the companies. Judge David Jenkins is focusing on disputes regarding the pre-merger audit.
Youngstown Finance Director James E. Jones says the proposed budget for 1931 has been cut to the bone, but is already estimated to be $176,591 above outlays for 1930.
A new motor route from Youngstown to Pittsburgh opens that follows Route 422 East and then new Route 19 South, a distance of 72 miles. It cuts the travel distance from Youngstown to Pittsburgh by 12 miles from the old route, which went through Butler.