Today is Tuesday, Nov. 15, the 319th day of 2005. There are 46 days left in the year. On this date

Today is Tuesday, Nov. 15, the 319th day of 2005. There are 46 days left in the year. On this date in 1777, the Continental Congress approves the Articles of Confederation, a precursor to the Constitution of the United States.
In 1806, explorer Zebulon Pike sights the mountaintop now known as "Pikes Peak." In 1889, Brazil's monarchy is overthrown. In 1926, the National Broadcasting Company debuts with a radio network of 24 stations. In 1939, President Roosevelt lays the cornerstone of the Jefferson Memorial in Washington, D.C. In 1940, the first 75,000 men are called to armed forces duty under peacetime conscription. In 1948, William Lyon Mackenzie King retires as prime minister of Canada after 21 years; he is succeeded by Louis St. Laurent. In 1966, the flight of Gemini 12 ends successfully as astronauts James A. Lovell and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin Jr. splash down safely in the Atlantic. In 1969, 250,000 protesters stage a peaceful demonstration in Washington against the Vietnam War.
November 15, 1980: Mahoning County Sheriff George Tablack tells county commissioners that 28 deputies will have to be laid off if the department is to meet a budget reduction of 40 to 50 percent in 1981.
A 16-year-old Fleming St. youth has implicated himself in the fatal shooting of 14-year-old Veronica Vaughn, police say.
An attorney-examiner recommends to the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio that toll-free telephone service be instituted between Youngstown and Lake Milton. Ohio Bell Telephone Co. and United Telephone Co. are given 10 days to file their objections.
November 15, 1965: Youngstown University's second annual alumni fund campaign will have a goal of $50,000 with Municipal Judge John J. Leskovyansky as chairman.
A low of 25 degrees at Youngstown Municipal Airport breaks the record of 26 set in 1954 at the Weather Bureau.
A day-old prematurely born baby boy weighing three pounds, nine ounces is abandoned on the steps of St. Patrick rectory in Youngstown. The baby is in satisfactory condition in St. Elizabeth Hospital.
November 15, 1955: The Mahoning County Board of Elections votes to investigate voting in the three First Ward precincts in which the defeated council candidate, Republican Thomas P. Carney, charges there were "obnoxious irregularities."
Three college presidents, Dr. Paul Fall of Hiram College, Dr. Paul Weaver of Lake Erie College and Dr. Gordon Howard of Otterbein College, are in Youngstown to push the $1 million campaign for the Ohio Foundation for Independent Colleges.
Ford Motor Co. will build a multimillion dollar plant that will employ 3,000 on a 200-acre tract near Columbus. It will have an estimated annual payroll of $15 million.
November 15, 1930: Mahoning County political candidates and their supporters spend more than $30,000 in the general election campaign. The Republican Party outspent the Democratic Party, 14,536 to $3,299. The largest single contribution was that of John T. Harrington, who gave $3,000 to the Republican party.
Empire Steel Corp. announces it is reopening its Falcon sheet plant at Niles with 15 units scheduled to operate. The general operation of steel plants in the area remains at about 50 percent.
C.H. Booth, a Youngstown Sheet & amp; Tube director, leaves an estate estimated at $1 million, all of it going to his widow.