Competition: the fear that makes girls feud?

By JENNIFER WOLCOTT
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
Why girls fight. It's a topic that many find uncomfortable. But Lyn Mikel Brown refuses to shrug it off. The professor at Maine's Colby College has long been fascinated with how popular culture influences girls. Of particular fascination: what she calls "girlfighting."
Name-calling, gossiping, and cruel competition, she asserts, are not behaviors inherent to girls. Instead, in her latest book, "Girlfighting: Betrayal and Rejection Among Girls," the college professor shows -- with help from more than 400 interviews -- how this behavior is culturally learned.
From an early age, Brown says, girls are subjected to strong messages from the media and society in general. They hear that they must conform to certain ideals of femininity, beauty, and romance to be popular and successful -- and that in doing so, they shouldn't trust other girls with whom they are in competition.
Mean, aggressive behavior is the natural result, says Brown.
Fifteen-year-old Bahtya summed it up for the author: "Fighting's the popular thing to do. TV, media, newspapers, it's like they teach girls you're supposed to fight. It's a constant competition or race for attention."
But Brown didn't write "Girlfighting," her third book about girls, simply to grouse about the media. She challenges the popular notion that "girls will be girls," gives readers a sense of hope that this trend can be reversed, and suggests practical ways to support girls and bring about social change.
"I was concerned that we as a society were blaming girls for something that we needed to be accountable for," Brown said in a telephone interview. "We have this notion that girls are naturally jealous and nasty, but we didn't think about cultural messages that make girls feel powerless unless they can denigrate other girls."
Engaging with girls in ways that make them feel more confident and powerful on their own, so they are less inclined to put down others, is the goal. Brown devotes a chapter to concrete steps for doing this, including encouraging girls to enter the sports arena and honing their sense of fairness and justice.
At the same time, says Brown, a little feistiness at the right moment isn't such a bad thing.
"We had heightened attention in the '90s about girls' loss of a voice," she says. "Now they are speaking out more, often because they don't want to put up with unfairness or just because they are trying to figure out what it means to be a girl. A lot of positive social change has come about as a result of anger."
Brown deliberately chose to end each chapter with anecdotes from insightful girls like Lily and Maritza.
"These are the girls who see the world differently," Brown says, "the ones who see the need for girls to work together and not pursue dead ends."
X"Girlfighting: Betrayal and Rejection Among Girls," by Lyn Mikel Brown; NYU Press, 259 pp, $27.95.